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Discuss the procedure of proving of Document that is required to be Law as contemplated under Section-68 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872

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Discuss the procedure of proving of Document that is required to be Law as contemplated under Section-68 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 Answer:- Section-68 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 said that, a document required by law to be attested shall not be used in evidence until one attesting witness has been called for the purpose of proving execution, if there be attesting witness alive and subject to process of Court and capable of giving evidence. 1.  When until one attesting witness is called : - Section 68 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 lays down that when a document required by law to be attested, is produced in any judicial proceeding, it shall not be used in evidence, i.e. it shall not be proved and made part of the record unless one of the attesting witness at least is called for the purpose of proving its execution.      For example- In a will production of at least one attesting witness is essential for the purpose of verified that the deed was signed by
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Note on Appeal by Special Leave

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A Note on Appeal by Special Leave The Supreme Court of India is the Apex Court of India and is the final interpreter of the Constitution and the law. The Court is also known as the guardian and protector of the people’s Fundamental Rights. The Supreme Court is the final Court of Appeal in all Civil, Criminal and other matters and thus helps in maintaining a uniformity of law throughout the territory of India. The Court is held to be the ultimate repository of all judicial powers at National level by virtue of it being the summit Court at the pyramidal height of Administration of Justice in the country and as the upholder and final interpreter of the constitution of India and defender of the fundamental of Rule of Law. The court is duty bound to uphold the constitutional values and enforce constitutional limitations, as the ultimate interpreter of the Constitution ( I.R. Coelho VS State of T.N., AIR 2007 SC 861 ). Articles-132 to 134 and 136 of the Constitution of
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CONSTITUTION PART 1

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What do you mean by Constitutional Law? Constitutional Law means the rule which regulates the structure of the principle organs of the Government and their relationship to one another, and determines their principle functions. The rules consist both of legal rules in the strict sense and of usages, commonly called conversion, which without being enacted are accepted as binding by all who are concerned in the Government. Constitution of India The constitution of India is perhaps the most comprehensive of all constitution. It contains 395 Original Articles that are divided into 22 Parts and has 12 Schedule. PREAMBLE OF THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA “WE THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a SOVERING SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all its citizens:   Justice, Social, economic and political; Liberty of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship; Equality of status and of opportunity; and to promote among the
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concept of Decree and Order under Code of Civil Procedure

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Concept of Decree and Order under Code of Civil Procedure Decree:- Section 2(2) of the Civil Procedure Code,1908 define the term “Decree” as Decree means the formal expression of an adjudication which, so far as regards the court expressing it, conclusively determines the rights of the parties with regard to all or any of the matter in controversy in the suit and may be either preliminary or final. It shall be deemed to include the rejection of a plaint and the determination of any question within Section-144, but shall not include- (a)   any adjudication from which an appeal lies as an appeal from an order, or (b)   any order of dismissal for default. Essential elements of a Decree : -The important/essential elements of a decree are ----- 1.   There must be formal expression of an adjudication. 2.   There must be adjudication of the rights of the parties with regards to the dispute. 3.   It must conclusively determine the rights of the parties. 4.   Adjudication
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Hierarchy of Criminal Courts          Administration of justice is the most important function of the State. For this purpose our Constitution has setup a hierarchy of Courts. The Supreme Court is the Apex body, followed by 24 High Courts which have been created by the constitution of India, and their jurisdiction and powers are well defined in the Constitution itself. Apart from the Supreme Court, High Courts and the court constituted under any law other than Criminal Procedure Code,1973, the following criminal courts have been described under Section 6 of the Criminal Procedure Code,1973:- (i)           Courts of Session; (ii)         Judicial Magistrate of the first class and , in any metropolitan area, Metropolitan Magistrate ; (iii)       Judicial Magistrates of the second class; and (iv)        Executive Magistrate.       The State Government shall establish a court of session for every Session’s division. The Judge of the sessions Court is appointed by the H
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